1. Name Of The Medicinal Product
Clarityn Allergy 10mg Tablets
2. Qualitative And Quantitative Composition
Each tablet contains 10mg loratadine.
The quantity of lactose monohydrate in the loratadine 10 mg tablet composition is 71.3 mg.
For a full list of excipients, see section 6.1
3. Pharmaceutical Form
Tablet: White to off-white, oval tablet with flask and bowl, score and “10” on one side, plain on the other side.
Tablet: The scoreline of the tablet is only to facilitate breaking for ease of swallowing and not to divide into equal doses.
4. Clinical Particulars
4.1 Therapeutic Indications
Clarityn Allergy Tablets are indicated for the symptomatic treatment of allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria.
4.2 Posology And Method Of Administration
Adults and children over 12 years of age:
10mg once daily (one tablet once daily).
The tablet may be taken without regard to mealtime.
Children 2 to 12 years of age are dosed by weight:
Bodyweight more than 30kg: 10mg once daily (one tablet once daily).
The 10mg strength tablet is not appropriate in children with a bodyweight less than 30kg.
Efficacy and safety of Clarityn Allergy Tablets in children under 2 years of age has not been established.
Patients with severe liver impairment should be administered a lower initial dose because they have reduced clearance of loratadine. An initial dose of 10mg every other day is recommended for adults and children weighing more than 30kg, and for children weighing 30 kg or less, 5 mg every other day is recommended.
No dosage adjustments are required in the elderly or in patients with renal insufficiency.
4.3 Contraindications
Clarityn Allergy Tablets are contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to the active substance or to any of the excipients in these formulations.
4.4 Special Warnings And Precautions For Use
Clarityn Allergy Tablets should be administered with caution in patients with severe liver impairment (see section 4.2).
This medicinal product contains lactose; thus patients with rare hereditary problems of galactose intolerance, the Lapp lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption should not take this medicine.
The administration of Clarityn Allergy Tablets should be discontinued at least 48 hours before skin tests since antihistamines may prevent or reduce otherwise positive reactions to dermal reactivity index.
4.5 Interaction With Other Medicinal Products And Other Forms Of Interaction
When administered concomitantly with alcohol, Clarityn Allergy Tablets have no potentiating effects as measured by psychomotor performance studies.
Potential interaction may occur with all known inhibitors of CYP3A4 or CYP2D6 resulting in elevated levels of loratadine (see Section 5.2), which may cause an increase in adverse events.
4.6 Pregnancy And Lactation
Loratadine was not teratogenic in animal studies. The safe use of loratadine during pregnancy has not been established. The use of Clarityn Allergy Tablets during pregnancy is therefore not recommended.
Loratadine is excreted in breast milk, therefore the use of loratadine is not recommended in breast-feeding women.
4.7 Effects On Ability To Drive And Use Machines
In clinical trials that assessed driving ability, no impairment occurred in patients receiving loratadine. However, patients should be informed that very rarely some people experience drowsiness, which may affect their ability to drive or use machines.
4.8 Undesirable Effects
In clinical trials in a paediatric population, children aged 2 through 12 years, common adverse reactions reported in excess of placebo were headache (2.7%), nervousness (2.3%), and fatigue (1%).
In clinical trials involving adults and adolescents in a range of indications including AR and CIU, at the recommended dose of 10mg daily, adverse reactions with loratadine were reported in 2% of patients in excess of those treated with placebo. The most frequent adverse reactions reported in excess of placebo were somnolence (1.2%), headache (0.6%), increased appetite (0.5%) and insomnia (0.1%). Other adverse reactions reported very rarely during the post-marketing period are listed in the following table.
| Anaphylaxis |
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4.9 Overdose
Overdosage with loratadine increased the occurrence of anticholinergic symptoms. Somnolence, tachycardia and headache have been reported with overdoses.
In the event of overdose, general symptomatic and supportive measures are to be instituted and maintained for as long as necessary. Administration of activated charcoal as a slurry with water may be attempted. Gastric lavage may be considered. Loratadine is not removed by haemodialysis and it is not known if loratadine is removed by peritoneal dialysis. Medical monitoring of the patient is to be continued after emergency treatment.
5. Pharmacological Properties
5.1 Pharmacodynamic Properties
Pharmacotherapeutic group : antihistamines – H1 antagonist, ATC code : R06A X13.
Loratadine, the active ingredient in Clarityn Allergy Tablets, is a tricyclic antihistamine with selective, peripheral H1-receptor activity.
Loratadine has no clinically significant sedative or anticholinergic properties in the majority of the population and when used at the recommended dosage.
During long-term treatment there were no clinically significant changes in vital signs, laboratory test values, physical examinations or electrocardiograms.
Loratadine has no significant H2-receptor activity. It does not inhibit norepinephrine uptake and has practically no influence on cardiovascular function or on intrinsic cardiac pacemaker activity.
5.2 Pharmacokinetic Properties
After oral administration, loratadine is rapidly and well absorbed and undergoes an extensive first pass metabolism, mainly by CYP3A4 and CYP2D6. The major metabolite-desloratadine (DL)- is pharmacologically active and responsible for a large part of the clinical effect. Loratadine and DL achieve maximum plasma concentrations (Tmax) between 1-1.5 hours and 1.5-3.7 hours after administration, respectively.
Increase in plasma concentrations of loratadine has been reported after concomitant use with ketoconazole, erythromycin and cimetidine in controlled trials, but without clinically significant changes (including electrocardiographic).
Loratadine is highly bound (97% to 99%) and its active metabolite moderately bound (73% to 76%) to plasma proteins.
In healthy subjects, plasma distribution half-lives of loratadine and its active metabolite are approximately 1 and 2 hours, respectively. The mean elimination half-lives in healthy adult subjects were 8.4 hours (range = 3 to 20 hours) for loratadine and 28 hours (range = 8.8 to 92 hours) for the major active metabolite.
Approximately 40% of the dose is excreted in the urine and 42% in the faeces over a 10 day period and mainly in the form of conjugated metabolites. Approximately 27% of the dose is eliminated in the urine during the first 24 hours. Less than 1% of the active substance is excreted unchanged in active form, as loratadine or DL.
The bioavailability parameters of loratadine and of the active metabolite are dose proportional.
The pharmacokinetic profile of loratadine and its metabolites is comparable in healthy volunteers and in healthy geriatric volunteers.
Concomitant ingestion of food can delay slightly the absorption of loratadine but without influencing the clinical effect.
In patients with chronic renal impairment, both the AUC and peak plasma levels (Cmax) increased for loratadine and its metabolite as compared to the AUCs and peak plasma levels (Cmax) of patients with normal renal function. The mean elimination half-lives of loratadine and its metabolite were not significantly different from that observed in normal subjects. Haemodialysis does not have an effect on the pharmacokinetics of loratadine or its active metabolite in subjects with chronic renal impairment.
In patients with chronic alcoholic liver disease, the AUC and peak plasma levels (Cmax) of loratadine were double while the pharmacokinetic profile of the active metabolite was not significantly changed from that in patients with normal liver function. The elimination half-lives for loratadine and its metabolite were 24 hours and 37 hours, respectively, and increased with increasing severity of liver disease.
Loratadine and its active metabolite are excreted in the breast milk of lactating women.
5.3 Preclinical Safety Data
Preclinical data reveal no special hazard based on conventional studies of safety, pharmacology, repeated dose toxicity, genotoxicity and carcinogenic potential.
In reproductive toxicity studies, no teratogenic effects were observed. However, prolonged parturition and reduced viability of offspring were observed in rats at plasma levels (AUC) 10 times higher than those achieved with clinical doses.
6. Pharmaceutical Particulars
6.1 List Of Excipients
Lactose Monohydrate;
Maize Starch;
Magnesium Stearate
6.2 Incompatibilities
None known
6.3 Shelf Life
36 months.
6.4 Special Precautions For Storage
This medicinal product does not require any special storage conditions.
6.5 Nature And Contents Of Container
Blister strip consisting of a 20 μm aluminium foil with vinyl heat coating and a 250 μm clear, transparent polyvinylchloride film.
Pack sizes of 2, 5, 7, 10, 14, 15, 20, 21, 28, 30, 50, 60, or 100 tablets.
Not all pack sizes may be marketed.
6.6 Special Precautions For Disposal And Other Handling
None
7. Marketing Authorisation Holder
Merck Sharp & Dohme Limited
Hertford Road
Hoddesdon
Hertfordshire
EN11 9BU
UK
8. Marketing Authorisation Number(S)
PL 0025/0585
9. Date Of First Authorisation/Renewal Of The Authorisation
10th June 1992/8th November 2007
10. Date Of Revision Of The Text
DECEMBER 2010
Clarityn Tablets-Final-CoO-Feb0711 CLARITYN ALLERGY 10 MG/UK/01-11/001
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