1. Name Of The Medicinal Product
Magnapen® 250mg/250mg Powder for Solution for Injection or Infusion or Co-fluampicil 250mg/250mg Powder for Solution for Injection or Infusion
2. Qualitative And Quantitative Composition
Co-fluampicil 500mg Vials contain 250mg ampicillin as ampicillin sodium with 250mg flucloxacillin as flucloxacillin sodium (co-fluampicil 250/250).
3. Pharmaceutical Form
Powder for Solution for Injection or Infusion
4. Clinical Particulars
4.1 Therapeutic Indications
Co-fluampicil is indicated for the treatment of severe infections where the causative organism is unknown, and for mixed infections involving β-lactamase-producing staphylococci. Typical indications include:
In general practice: Chest infections, ENT infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and infections in patients whose underlying pathology places them at special risk.
In hospital (prior to laboratory results being available): severe respiratory tract infections, post-operative chest and wound infections, septic abortion, puerperal fever; septicaemia, prophylaxis in major surgery, infections in patients receiving immuno-suppressive therapy.
The spectrum of activity of co-fluampicil also makes it suitable for the treatment of many mixed infections, particularly those where β-lactamase-producing staphylococci are suspected or confirmed.
Parenteral usage is indicated where oral dosage is inappropriate.
4.2 Posology And Method Of Administration
Usual adult dosage (including elderly patients and children over ten years):
Intramuscular/Intravenous: 500mg four times a day.
Usual children's dosage:
Intramuscular/Intravenous: Under 2 years: quarter adult dose, four times a day.
2-10 years: half adult dose, four times a day.
The above dosages for adults and children may be doubled where necessary.
Therapy may be continued for as long as it is indicated by the nature of infection.
Administration:
Intramuscular: Add 1.5ml Water for Injections to vial contents.
Intravenous: Dissolve 500mg in 10ml Water for Injections.
Administer by slow intravenous injection.
Co-fluampicil Injection may be added to infusion fluids or injected, suitably diluted into the drip tube over a period of 3-4 minutes.
4.3 Contraindications
Co-fluampicil contains ampicillin and flucloxacillin which are penicillins, and should not be given to patients with a history of hypersensitivity to β-lactam antibiotics (e.g. penicillins, cephalosporins).
Co-fluampicil is contraindicated in patients with a history of flucloxacillin-associated jaundice/hepatic dysfunction.
Ocular administration.
4.4 Special Warnings And Precautions For Use
Before initiating therapy with co-fluampicil careful enquiries should be made concerning previous hypersensitivity reactions to β-lactam antibiotics.
Serious and occasionally fatal hypersensitivity reactions (anaphylaxis) have been reported in patients receiving β-lactam antibiotics. Although anaphylaxis is more frequent following parenteral therapy, it has occurred in patients on oral therapy. These reactions are more likely to occur in individuals with hypersensitivity to β-lactam antibiotics.
Co-fluampicil contains ampicillin and should be avoided if infectious mononucleosis and/or acute or chronic leukaemia of lymphoid origin are suspected. The occurrence of a skin rash has been associated with these conditions following the administration of ampicillin.
Co-fluampicil should be used with caution in patients with evidence of hepatic dysfunction (see Section 4.8).
Special caution is essential in the newborn because of the risk of hyperbilirubinemia. Studies have shown that, at high dose following parenteral administration, flucloxacillin can displace bilirubin from plasma protein binding sites, and may therefore predispose to kernicterus in a jaundiced baby. In addition, special caution is essential in the newborn because of the potential for high serum levels of flucloxacillin due to a reduced rate of renal excretion.
During prolonged treatments (e.g osteomyelitis, endocarditis), regular monitoring of hepatic and renal functions is recommended.
Prolonged use may occasionally result in the selection of resistant strains of organisms.
Sodium content: Co-fluampicil 500mg vials contains 29.9mg (1.3 mmol) sodium per vial. This should be included in the daily allowance of patients on sodium restricted diets.
4.5 Interaction With Other Medicinal Products And Other Forms Of Interaction
Bacteriostatic drugs may interfere with the bactericidal action of ampicillin and flucloxacillin.
In common with other oral broad-spectrum antibiotics, co-fluampicil may reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives and patients should be warned accordingly.
Probenecid decreases the renal tubular secretion of co-fluampicil. Concurrent use with co-fluampicil may result in increased and prolonged blood levels of both ampicillin and flucloxacillin.
Concurrent administration of allopurinol during treatment with ampicillin can increase the likelihood of allergic skin reactions.
Co-fluampicil contains ampicillin. It is recommended that when testing for the presence of glucose in urine during ampicillin treatment, enzymatic glucose oxidase methods should be used, because false positive readings are common with chemical methods due to the high urinary concentrations of ampicillin.
4.6 Pregnancy And Lactation
Pregnancy: Animal studies with co-fluampicil have shown no teratogenic effects. The product has been in clinical use since 1971 and the limited number of reported cases of use in human pregnancy have shown no evidence of untoward effects. The decision to administer any drug during pregnancy should be taken with the utmost care. Therefore co-fluampicil should only be used in pregnancy when the potential benefits outweigh the potential risks associated with treatment.
Lactation: Trace quantities of ampicillin and flucloxacillin can be detected in breast milk. The possibility of hypersensitivity reactions must be considered in breast-fed infants. Therefore co-fluampicil should only be administered to a breast-feeding mother when the potential benefit outweigh the potential risks associated with treatment.
4.7 Effects On Ability To Drive And Use Machines
Adverse effects on the ability to drive or operate machinery have not been observed.
4.8 Undesirable Effects
Hypersensitivity reactions:
If any hypersensitivity reaction occurs, the treatment should be discontinued.
Skin rash, puritis and urticaria have been reported occasionally. The incidence of rash is higher in patients suffering from infectious mononucleosis and acute or chronic leukaemia of lymphoid origin. Purpura, fever, eosinophilia and sometimes angioneurotic oedema have also been reported. Rarely, skin reactions such as erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis have been reported. Reactions such as fever, arthralgia, and myalgia can develop more than 48 hours after the start of the treatment.
Anaphylaxis (see Item 4.4-warnings) has been reported rarely.
Gastrointestinal reactions:
Minor gastrointestinal disturbances, including occasionally nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea may occur during treatment. Pseudomembranous colitis has been reported rarely.
Hepatic effects:
Hepatitis and cholestatic jaundice have been reported rarely. These may be delayed for up to two months after withdrawal of treatment. In some cases the course of these conditions has been protracted and lasted for several months. Very rarely deaths have been reported from hepatic effects but are mostly limited to patients with serious underlying disease.
As with most other antibiotics, a moderate transient increase in transaminases has been reported.
Renal effects:
Interstitial nephritis may occur.
Neurological effects:
Convulsions may be associated with IV administration of high doses to patients with underlying renal failure.
Haematological effects:
As with other β-lactam antibiotics haematological effects including reversible leucopenia, reversible thrombocytopenia and haemolytic anaemia have been reported rarely.
4.9 Overdose
Gastrointestinal effects such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea may be evident and should be treated symptomatically.
Co-fluampicil contains flucloxacillin. Haemodialysis does not lower the serum levels of flucloxacillin.
Co-fluampicil contains ampicillin, which may be removed from the circulation by haemodialysis.
5. Pharmacological Properties
5.1 Pharmacodynamic Properties
Co-fluampicil is indicated for the treatment of severe infections where the causative organism is unknown, and for mixed infections involving β-lactamase-producing staphylococci.
5.2 Pharmacokinetic Properties
Co-fluampicil is excreted via the kidneys with a plasma half life of approximately one hour.
5.3 Preclinical Safety Data
Not relevant
6. Pharmaceutical Particulars
6.1 List Of Excipients
None
6.2 Incompatibilities
Co-fluampicil should not be mixed with blood products or other proteinaceous fluids (e.g. protein hydrolysates) or with intravenous lipid emulsions.
If co-fluampicil is prescribed concurrently with an aminoglycoside, the antibiotics should not be mixed in the syringe, intravenous fluid container or giving set because of loss of activity of the aminoglycoside can occur under these conditions.
6.3 Shelf Life
Three years.
See also Section 6.6.
6.4 Special Precautions For Storage
Co-fluampicil Vials for Injection should be stored in a dry place at, or below 25°C.
6.5 Nature And Contents Of Container
5 or 10 ml glass vials fitted with butyl rubber disc and an aluminium seal. Boxes of 10 vials with instructions for use.
6.6 Special Precautions For Disposal And Other Handling
Co-fluampicil solutions for injection should be used immediately. Co-fluampicil may be added to most intravenous fluids (e.g. Water for Injections, sodium chloride 0.9%, glucose 5%, sodium chloride 0.18% with glucose 4%). In intravenous solutions containing glucose or other carbohydrates, co-fluampicil should be infused within two hours of preparation. Intravenous solutions of co-fluampicil in Water for Injections or sodium chloride 0.9% should be infused within 24 hours of preparation. Full particulars are given in the package enclosure leaflet. Preparation of co-fluampicil infusion solutions must be carried out under appropriate aseptic conditions if these extended storage periods are required.
7. Marketing Authorisation Holder
Wockhardt UK Ltd
Ash Road North
Wrexham
LL13 9UF
United Kingdom
8. Marketing Authorisation Number(S)
PL 29831/0054
9. Date Of First Authorisation/Renewal Of The Authorisation
08 May 2000 / 18 June 2007
10. Date Of Revision Of The Text
6 February 2009
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